An HT (High Tension) voltage transformer is a device that converts high-voltage AC power to lower voltages or vice versa, typically operating at voltages above 11 kV, for applications like power transmission, distribution, and electrical testing. These transformers are essential for efficiently transmitting electricity over long distances and for accurately measuring and protecting high-voltage equipment. Key characteristics include robust insulation and cooling systems to handle high voltages safely and efficiently.
Description and purpose
Voltage conversion: HT transformers change high-voltage AC power to lower-voltage AC power for distribution, or step up lower voltages for long-distance transmission to reduce power loss.
Power transmission: They are critical components in power grids, often seen in large substations, for transmitting electricity efficiently over long distances.
Electrical testing: High-voltage transformers are used in laboratories to test electrical components and equipment under high-voltage conditions.
Measurement: High-voltage potential transformers (PTs) are used for accurate voltage measurement on high-tension lines for protection and metering in industrial and commercial settings.
Key characteristics
High voltage rating: They are designed to operate at high voltage levels, often from 11 kV up to 1000 kV or more.
Robust design: Due to the high voltages, they require special, robust insulation and cooling systems, such as being immersed in oil, to safely manage heat and voltage surges.
Cascading: For voltages exceeding the practical limits of a single unit (e.g., over 500 kV), two or more transformers can be cascaded (connected in series) to achieve the desired voltage transformation more efficiently and with less bulk, as shown in this presentation.
Insulation: They are designed to withstand surges and transient voltages, with insulation that is carefully engineered and tested to meet safety standards.
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